Micosis of nails on the feet - symptoms and treatment

Failure mycosis is an infection accompanied by cosmetic defects and some clinical symptoms.Pathological changes are related to layers of skin and nail plates.The agent of mikosis is a representative of the lower class - fungus.The contagious process is dangerous not only to the patient himself, but also by the loved ones around him.How to prevent nail mycosis and get rid of the infection will be discussed.

Micosis of the nails on the feet - what is it?

The legs in the legs are called onychomycosis, and refer to the special classification of the disease.Recently, complaints about the infection have developed several times.Doctors associate this indicator with unhealthy ecology.

Onychomycosis is a disease in which the structure of the nail plate and the epidermis layer is interrupted.The surrounding fabric (skin roller) is involved in the pathological process.The nails are arranged in such a way that the cells are pressed tightly to each other, forming a solid surface.Under the nail plate, matrix and blood vessels, around the phalanx bone is placed.The upper layer is represented by hyponichia, and at the base of the nail there is eponichia.With nail mycosis, the pathogen affects the lower layer of the nail to the matrix.At the same time, dividing cells -Destroys the keratocytes and nail plates becomes thin and fragile.Onychomycosis, in the absence of treatment, is accompanied by various complications, and is difficult to give to modern therapy.

A little more than 50 types of fungal infections that are harmful to humans are known.All of them have various morphological features and parasites.To finally identify pathogens, mandatory microscopic examinations are conducted.

Nails on the feet are required to protect the soft parts of the finger from injury.Fashionistas paint nails in different colors, so mycosis is also considered cosmetic defects.With onychomycosis, the appearance of the nails is worse.The nail plate breaks, breaks and completely destroys.The disease causes a disadvantage of chronic systemic pathology.

After penetrating the nail layer, the causative agent begins to share, releasing new and new micelius threads.Due to lack of air, miselium occurs for healthy areas of nails and skin.The disease should be diagnosed and treated.

A type of disease

Some types of pathogens are distinguished, affecting the feet in the feet.The classification of parasites is based on morphological features and clinical signs.

1. Trichophyte is red - a fungus with branches and disputes on miselium threads.Localization of the process falls on the epidermis, the coarse parts (keratinized) of the cell.A specific feature of damage to red trichophyton is tight fabric.The place of light and strip are different, and then combine.In the thickness of the skin cells, the miselium is compacted, stretched and formed disputes that can withstand various methods of treatment.When staining nails in a microscope, the trichofiton structure is clearly visible.
2. Epidermophyte is a flap -shaped -microorganism that causes nail mycosis in the foot in the form of skin peeling, itching -Gatal space between the back and nail strands.Unlike Trichophyton, the epidermophyton grows in several directions of their spores, so the localization of the process is blurred.Mycelium Various thickness: from thin to wide and short.When studying microscopic drugs, spores and parts of the miselium are compared to debris.Epidermophyte infection is accompanied by a gradual change in nail pigmentation and its gradual destruction.The infectious process begins from the edge of the nail plate and from the base.In addition to the advantages of the patient's nail plate, increased dryness and rapidly worried keratinization.
3. Mentagrofitest is one of Trichophyton's bright representatives.It is less common, it affects the skin, the nail polish and the nail plate itself.The causative agent penetrates the bottom layer and can reach the submarine epidermis - the matrix.Causes the stratum corneum seal and the nail polish.Statistics show that almost 20 % of fungal infections fall on Trichophyton Mentagrofitest, 80 % are trichophyte rubrum.Onychomycosis caused by mentagrophytes contributes to the development of allergies, the formation of vesicles and affected epidermal bubbles.
4. Trichophyte rubrum is a stable microorganism to external factors, but more often it affects the skin.The agent for a long time is on the shoe insole and socks of the patient.In most cases, it is found together with other representatives of onychomycosis.

5. Yeast microorganisms are best known as candidates.Candidiasis is found on nails, skin and mucous layers.With nail mycosis, the candidate causes certain symptoms and various degrees of destruction of Kekit.After conducting research, scientists have concluded that candidates are rarely the main cause of mycosis, however, against the background of local immunity, fungus is introduced into nail microtrauma and "soluble" disputes.Long fungus fungus, thin, branched.In microscopic increases, skein miselium and many disputes were found.Onychomycosis caused by candida is accompanied by wound formation, changes in shape and color of the nail.Candida parapsilosis is one of the types of candidiasis.The feature of the disease that should be noted is the main formation of the dark place on the surface of the nail.In the future, the place increases - the nails become fragile and move from the matrix.
6. Skopularariopsis is a typical type of nail.Just like candidiasis, but also has a significant difference in morphology.Black small dots appear on the surface of the nail plate.In the thickness of the nail, the formation is much wider and darker.The spread of the eye leads to the relaxation and destruction of the nails.

The characteristics of pathogenic species contribute to the proper diagnosis of the disease.However, to make a final diagnosis, it is not enough to know the clinical features of the infection.For this, pathogens should be distinguished.

Cause

The main cause of onychomycosis is the penetration of fungus to keratocytes or epidermis.This process arises for the following reasons:

• weak immune systems due to prolonged antibacterial drugs (general and local action);

• Direct relationships with infections: ordinary household goods, swimming pools or public sauna;
• the presence of chronic diseases of the endocrine and thyroid glands;
• Systemic pathology of the foot: thrombosis, atherosclerosis, extension of varicose, tendency to thrombophlebitis;
• Herpetic infections that contribute to the fall of the body;
• gastrointestinal disease and muscle pathology;
• Age -related changes.

Nail mycosis can be the result of the wrong shoes and pants.

Note!Wearing a synthetic quality socks leads to a lack of air, which creates "soil" for the spread of mikosis.

Shoes and shoes are not seasonal, the absence of foot hygiene and the use of regular manicures often lead to onychomycosis compared to chronic diseases.

Symptom

You can suspect nail mycosis with the presence of signs such as:

1. Small itching and burning.
2. Peel off the skin and redness of the interdigital space.
3. Nail tightening and appearance on the surface of small, cracked or tight dots.
4. Unpleasant odors and pains appear with effort on the toes (while running, walking or shoes).

Pathology develops rapidly, and after childhood the patient is worried about fragility, relaxation and plate pigmentation.In the absence of treatment, yellow-green or dark brown colors appear, hyperemia roller, epidermal burning and loss of nail gloss.All of these signs show a variety of damage to the nails.

The degree of damage to the legs in the legs

Nail fungus on the feet is classified according to the intensity of clinical signs.There are only three degrees of pathology:

• An early or normotropic degree.The focus of the infection falls on the fingers.This plate has little stratification or light pigmentation.
• Hypertrophic degree is characterized by the development of clinical signs.Patients note pain, increased sweating and the presence of unpleasant odors.Nails are compacted and colored.
• Atopic degrees are the most dangerous form of pathology, as all layers of nails and matrix are involved in the pathological process.Atopic changes are captured by the nearby skin and roller parts.Due to significant destruction, the risk of bacterial infection and the development of purulent processes increases.Treatment processing can cause sepsis or bacteria.

The type of disease is very important for your doctor, as it allows you to determine the treatment method and prevent complications.

Diagnostics

Diagnostic or michology is involved in diagnostics, as well as the treatment of diseases.To confirm the diagnosis, a special study was conducted:

• Microscopic studies part of the nail or scraping;
• sowing nutrient media for pathogenic growth and therapy selection;
• Histological studies of skin medicine to assess the level of severity.

The doctor conducted an external examination, collecting the patient's history and his complaints.If necessary, it recommends taking a general blood test.

Diagnostic manipulation takes some time, as some of the nails are placed in a special solution to dissolve cellular elements and study pathogenic morphology.It is not possible to make a diagnosis only with external signs, we can only consider pathogens.

After a comprehensive diagnosis and assessment of the severity of the disease, the method of treatment is determined.

The treatment of the nails of the nails in the legs

Nail micosis therapy on the feet depends on the condition of the patient and the degree of destruction of the nail plate.The main goal of treating nail mycosis is the complete disposal of patients from pathogens and continuous relapse.Treatment tactics and therapeutic methods are determined by your doctor.

Remedy

The most common method of treatment is the use of drugs.The following pharmaceutical groups are used in therapy:

• Paulines are tablets that destroy their parasite and miselium DNA.It is recommended to receive funds for at least 14 days.
• Azol is a drug that inhibits the growth of pathogenic agents and prevents their reproduction.
• Alllamins are long drugs used in advanced stages.Due to the minimum contraindication, the drugs are successful.

The above drugs have several forms of dosage: tablets, capsules, creams and sprays.Antifungal drug therapy is done from the inside and outside.The course of treatment is determined by the doctor.In addition to certain ways, antiseptic solutions for washing, antibiotics and wound healing are prescribed.Doctors advise gradually eliminating the affected plate: cut or cut edges, using a special patch.

Surgical

If conservative treatment does not produce positive results, then they use surgery.Interventions are carried out using laser rays to suppress the growth of pathogenic microflora.This procedure is performed in several stages.

Traditional medicine

Non -traditional recipes are used to rinse wounds and increase local immunity.It is not possible to eliminate fungus by folk methods, but may weaken the pathogen of mikosis.

1. The most famous and common method is bathing and compressing with tar soap.
2. Bath is known for sodium bicarbonate and salt - eliminating bacteria and depriving antiseptic properties.
3. Lemon juice and propolis.The nails are lubricated with juice, and the compress is prepared from propolis.
4. Celandine juice and vinegar are diluted with water.
5. Lotion from iodine.

People's methods are used together with drug treatment, however, to prevent complications, non -traditional treatment methods with doctors need to be adjusted.

Prevention

Preventive steps can prevent infection and reduce the risk of recurrence of the disease.Patients should eat properly, observe foot hygiene, do not wear other people's shoes or use regular towels.When visiting a sauna or pool, place a private rubber slippers and rinse them carefully at home.

Funname mycosis is an unpleasant and dangerous disease.Infections can penetrate the deeper layers and attract the nail plate and matrix.It is easier to prevent the disease than to treat, but when infected, patients should find as soon as possible for qualified help.Special creams, varnish and tablets allow you to stop the growth of miselium and destroy the cell wall.It is important to understand that the treatment is long, so you should wait for the therapeutic effect no earlier than 3 weeks.